Countdown to the 2014 Chemistry Nobel Prize

Events: C&EN reporters, special guests webcast their predictions for the 2014 Nobel Prize in Chemistry



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Countdown to the 2014 Chemistry Nobel Prize

Events: C&EN reporters, special guests webcast their predictions for the 2014 Nobel Prize in Chemistry



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Hydrogel Recruits Immune Cells To Improve Cancer Vaccine Effectiveness

Bioengineering: Treatment strategy could improve the performance of existing cancer vaccines by priming the immune system



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September 30, 2014 at 03:00PM 3D Technologies Poised to Change How Doctors Diagnose Cancers

Scientists at FDA are studying the next generation of screening and diagnostic devices, some of which borrow from the world of entertainment and videogames. In the future, those 3D images and displays may help doctors find hidden tumors and better diagnose cancers.



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September 30, 2014 at 02:42PM FDA Publishes Target Animal Safety Data to Support Drug Applications for Potassium Bromide to Control Seizures in Dogs

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is announcing the availability of Public Master File (PMF) 6074 containing target animal safety data for potassium bromide (KBr) for the control of seizures associated with idiopathic epilepsy in dogs.



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September 27, 2014 at 01:29AM Bravo Recalls Select Chicken and Turkey Pet Foods Because of Possible Salmonella Health Risk

(Manchester, CT) Bravo of Manchester, CT is recalling select lots of Bravo Turkey and Chicken pet foods for dogs and cats because they have the potential to be contaminated with Salmonella. Salmonella can affect animals eating the products and there is risk to humans from handling contaminated pet products, especially if they have not thoroughly washed their hands after having contact with the products or any surfaces exposed to these products.



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Aptamers Recognize Small-Molecule Targets

Strategy for designing nucleic acid sequences that bind sugars and amino acids could lead to biosensors for these small metabolites



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September 29, 2014 at 12:23PM Le tilapia est séquencé !

Les génomes de 5 espèces de cichlidés, auxquels appartient le tilapia, viennent d’être séquencés et comparés par le CGC (Cichlid Genome Consortium), un consortium international dont fait partie le Cirad.

Ces résultats sont publiés dans la revue Nature du 18 septembre 2014.

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Nitrogenase Structure Solved With Carbon Monoxide Bound

Substrate analog displaces sulfur from the nitrogen-fixing enzyme’s FeMo cofactor



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Ligands Let Copper Click Inside Cells

Bulky amine ligands detoxify copper in cellular click reactions, enabling azide-alkyne cycloadditions in the cytoplasm without hurting cells



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Mining The Microbiome For Therapeutics

Newly discovered natural product is produced by human-hosted bacteria



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Groundwater Chemistry May Signal Impending Earthquakes

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September 27, 2014 at 01:29AM Bravo Recalls Select Chicken and Turkey Pet Foods Because of Possible Salmonella Health Risk

(Manchester, CT) Bravo of Manchester, CT is recalling select lots of Bravo Turkey and Chicken pet foods for dogs and cats because they have the potential to be contaminated with Salmonella. Salmonella can affect animals eating the products and there is risk to humans from handling contaminated pet products, especially if they have not thoroughly washed their hands after having contact with the products or any surfaces exposed to these products.



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September 26, 2014 at 11:37PM Whole Foods Market Bedford Recalls Streusel Coffee Cake Due To Undeclared Tree Nut Allergen

Whole Foods Market is recalling "Plain Streusel Coffeecake" produced and sold in the Bedford, Massachusetts location due to an undeclared tree nut allergen. The product has a "Sell By" date between September 19 and September 30, 2014.



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September 26, 2014 at 10:22PM Dominguez Foods of Washington Inc. Issues Allergy Alert on Undeclared Wheat, Whey (Milk), and Soy in “Su Cocina” Label, Pan Molido (Plain Bread Crumbs)

DOMINGUEZ FOODS WASHINGTON INC. of Zillah, Washington is recalling "SU COCINA" PAN MOLIDO (Plain Bread Crumbs) because it may contain undeclared WHEAT, WHEY (MILK), and SOY. People who have an allergy or severe sensitivity to wheat, milk, or soy run the risk of serious or life-threatening allergic reaction if they consume this product.



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Researchers Teach Old Microfluidic Chip New Tricks

Microfluidics: A commercial device for gene analysis becomes a platform for rapidly measuring binding affinity between proteins and peptide ligands



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September 26, 2014 at 04:21PM Un nouveau réseau mondial mesure la résilience des forêts aménagées

Abattage illégal, déforestation, perte de biodiversité… Les forêts exploitées ont souvent mauvaise presse. Pourtant le concept d’exploitation raisonnée fait son chemin parmi les forestiers. Un réseau mondial d’institutions – l’Observatoire des forêts tropicales aménagées – étudie pour la première fois, à l’échelle régionale et pantropicale, la résilience de ces forêts après abattage sélectif. Trois grandes régions forestières sont concernées : la forêt amazonienne, celle du Bassin du Congo et les forêts d’Asie du Sud Est. Le projet est coordonné par le Cirad et financé par le programme Forest Tree and Agroforestry du CGIAR impliquant vingt institutions de recherche.

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Tweaked Vancomycin Kills In Two Ways

Revisions may enhance vancomycin as last resort antibiotic



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September 26, 2014 at 02:06PM Le Cirad rejoint l’Alliance globale pour l’agriculture climato-intelligente

L’Alliance globale pour l’agriculture climato-intelligente a été lancée, le 23 septembre, à l’occasion du sommet mondial pour le climat, convoqué par Ban Ki-Moon aux Nations unies, à New York. Sur place, et après la France, Michel Eddi, PDG du Cirad, a lui aussi signé l’adhésion de l’établissement à cette alliance.

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Branched Alkyl Chain Found In Space

Cosmic Chemistry: Unprecedented molecular complexity suggests possibility for formation of amino acids



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September 25, 2014 at 01:41AM The Original Soupman Issues Allergy Alert and Recall on Certain Lots of “The Original Soupman Lobster Bisque”

The ORIGINAL SOUPMAN of Staten Island, New York, is recalling some of its LOBSTER BISQUE in Tetra Pak cartons because due to human error some cartons were printed omitting that, in addition to lobster, the product also contains shrimp, as well as perch and tilapia in its lobster base. Only people who have allergies to shrimp (Crustaceans) run the risk of serious or life-threatening allergic reaction if they consume this product.



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September 24, 2014 at 08:09PM Gold Star Smoked Fish Corp. Voluntarily Recalls Cold Smoke Steelhead Due to Possible Listeria Monocytogenes Contamination.

Gold Star Smoked Fish Corp., located at 570 Smith Street, Brooklyn, NY 11231, is recalling Cold Smoked Steelhead in Vacuum Pack with blue and gold label due to contamination or possible contamination with Listeria monocytogenes.



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Nanogel Delivers Cellular Patches To Damaged Hearts

Stem Cell Therapies: A gel that mimics the extracellular matrix helps engineered cells integrate into mouse hearts



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September 24, 2014 at 03:27PM GERI 2015 "Genes, Ecosystems and Risk of Infection"

Conférence coorganisée par le Cirad.

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September 24, 2014 at 03:24PM Salon de l'agriculture de Martinique

Avec la participation du Cirad.

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September 24, 2014 at 03:16PM 11e Conférence Solanacae

Coorganisée par le Cirad.

via CIRAD - Agenda / Events http://www.cirad.fr/news/events/2014/11e-conference-solanacae

September 24, 2014 at 08:05PM A Decade of Prostate Cancer Progress

After a decade of progress FDA still keeping people informed about prostate cancer therapies.



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Fracking Wastewater Could Encourage Formation Of Toxic Compounds During Drinking Water Disinfection

Environmental Chemistry: Laboratory experiments suggest that bromide and iodide in wastewater may contribute to formation of halogenated disinfection by-products



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September 23, 2014 at 03:44PM The Index of Legally Marketed Unapproved New Animal Drugs for Minor Species

The Index of Legally Marketed Unapproved New Animal Drugs for Minor Species (the Index) is a list of new animal drugs intended for use in minor species that have had their safety and effectiveness affirmed through an alternative FDA review process.



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September 23, 2014 at 02:58PM FDA Issues Draft Guidance Recommending Global Standards for Bioequivalence Study

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued a draft guidance today that, when finalized, will help standardize the data recommendations associated with in vivo blood level bioequivalence (BE) for veterinary pharmaceutical products.



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September 23, 2014 at 01:04AM Glaser Organic Farms Recalls Organic Carob Powder For Possible Salmonella Contamination

Glaser Organic Farms has been notified by its supplier of a recall of Organic Carob Powder due to possible health risks related to Salmonella contamination. Salmonella is an organism which can cause serious and sometime fatal infections in young children, frail, or elderly people and others with weakened immune systems.



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September 22, 2014 at 11:15PM Consumer Alert: Undeclared Eggs in “Coconut Bun”

New York State Agriculture Commissioner Richard A. Ball today alerted consumers to undeclared eggs in “Coconut Bun”, packaged and distributed by Golden King Bakery located at 90 Bowery, New York, NY 10013. No illnesses have been reported to date to the Department in connection with this product.



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September 22, 2014 at 05:10PM Changement climatique et agriculture

A la veille du Sommet mondial de l'ONU sur le climat qui se tiendra à New York du 23 au 25 septembre 2014, découvrez le dossier thématique du Cirad «Changement climatique et agriculture».

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September 22, 2014 at 03:30PM Caféier: des collections de taille réduite pour mieux relever les défis à venir

Des collections de ressources génétiques plus petites, plus faciles à gérer et à maintenir que celles, plus vastes, actuellement conservées dans le monde par plusieurs centres de recherche. Voilà ce que les chercheurs du Cirad et leurs partenaires viennent de constituer pour l'espèce de caféier Coffea canephora, celle qui produit le café Robusta. Ces collections de référence sont des outils précieux pour les sélectionneurs. Elles rassemblent, en un nombre réduit d'accessions, la même information génétique que les vastes collections qui sont actuellement au champ. Elles devraient permettre de relever les nouveaux défis qui se présentent aux producteurs de café, qu’ils soient parasitaires ou liés au changement climatique.

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Seaborgium Carbonyl Complex Created

Properties similar to molybdenum and tungsten confirm chemical theory and seaborgium’s spot on the periodic table



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Surface Chemistry Of Becoming A Blonde

Atomic probe microscopy reveals how hydrogen peroxide alters hair on the nanoscale



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More Fracking Studies

New environmental studies add to assessments of the costs and benefits of hydraulic fracturing for producing oil and natural gas



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New Method Probes Protein Conformation Changes

Two-tiered proteomics method identifies proteins that undergo condition-dependent structural changes in biological samples



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A Taste Of Wine Science

ACS Meeting News: Researchers zero in on flavor molecules, ponder ways to control them during production



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Adding Fluorine Helps Ailing Antibiotic

Tests in cell cultures show that a single fluorine helps neomycin outwit drug-resistant bacteria



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Artificial Sweeteners Boost Glucose Levels

Study suggests that consuming artificial sweeteners alters gut microbe metabolism, increasing blood sugar levels and presaging diabetes



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Cord Blood Stem-Cell Transplant Booster

Researchers discover molecule that could help make umbilical cord blood more useful for bone marrow transplant patients



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Surface Chemistry Of Becoming A Blonde

Atomic probe microscopy reveals how hydrogen peroxide alters hair on the nanoscale



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New Method Probes Protein Conformation Changes

Two-tiered proteomics method identifies proteins that undergo condition-dependent structural changes in biological samples



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Compound Protects Brain Cells From Explosive Force

Neuroscience: Small molecule preserves memory and motor skills in mice exposed to simulated blast



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Pump Up The Enzyme

Plant Science: Scientists aim to improve plant photosynthesis with genes from cyanobacteria



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Pushing The Limits Of Chemical Bonding

Conference highlights how computational and experimental chemists are applying bonding models to more complex systems



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Disulfide Bond Helps Cancer Prodrugs Assemble Into Nanoparticles

Nanomedicine: The simple trick could be a low-cost method to form particles from a range of drug molecules



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September 19, 2014 at 01:28AM An Alert on Uneviscerated Dried Roach (Vobla)

S&S Food Import corp. is recalling all packages of Uneviscerated Dried Roach (Vobla) with the following package code “Best Before 06.05.2015”. The Uneviscerated Dried Roach (Vobla) was sampled by New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets food Inspectors during a routine sanitary inspection.



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September 18, 2014 at 09:41PM FDA Research Helps Keep Animals—and People—Healthy

In addition to supporting FDA's evaluation of new medications for animals, FDA's work with animals helps protect the U.S. food supply to keep people healthy.



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September 17, 2014 at 04:55PM AGROnews Antilles-Guyane No. 4

A new issue of AGROnews Antilles-Caraïbe (West Indies-French Guiana), with a report on the "pesticide" risk, notably the case of chlordecone in the West Indies.

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Tramadol’s Newfound Natural Product Status In Doubt

New study suggests human-caused contamination explains 2013 report of tramadol in a medicinal plant



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Tramadol’s Newfound Natural Product Status In Doubt

New study suggests human-caused contamination explains 2013 report of tramadol in a medicinal plant



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September 17, 2014 at 04:50PM FDA’s MedWatch Safety Alerts: August 2014

FDA warns consumers about undeclared drugs found in appetite control pills, an undeclared drug ingredient found in a sexual enhancement product.



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September 17, 2014 at 04:55PM AGROnews Antilles-Guyane n°4

Un nouveau numéro d'AGROnews Antilles-Guyane dont le dossier est consacré au risque « pesticides » avec le cas de la chlordécone aux Antilles

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Smell Receptors Sniff Out An Aldehyde In Its Hydrated Form

Olfaction: Some odorant receptors bind to aldehydes as geminal diols, a structure found in a nose’s moist environment



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September 17, 2014 at 01:30PM Treating Migraines: More Ways to Fight the Pain

: In the past year, FDA has given adults new options for treating migraines by allowing the marketing of two prescription devices for such headaches. Some patients don’t tolerate migraine drugs well, and these devices can provide an alternative they didn’t have before.



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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Hematology as a diagnostic tool in bovine medicine

The objective of the current review is to provide the reader with an overview of the bovine hematological profile. Sample collection, bovine reference ranges, and cattle-specific characteristics of erythrocyte, leukocyte, and platelet parameters are reviewed. Furthermore, diseases associated with abnormalities in the complete blood cell count of cattle are discussed.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical findings in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) naturally infected with West Nile virus

Fifteen bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and 3 golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) were diagnosed with West Nile disease based on 1) presence of lesions in brain, eyes, and heart, 2) viral antigen detection in brain, eyes, heart, kidney, and/or liver by immunohistochemical staining, 3) detection of viral RNA in tissue samples and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by polymerase chain reaction, and/or 4) detection of West Nile virus (WNV)-specific antibodies in CSF by serum neutralization assay. West Nile virus–associated gross lesions included cerebral pan-necrosis with hydrocephalus ex vacuo (7/15 bald eagles), fibrin exudation into the fundus in 1 golden eagle, retinal scarring in 1 bald eagle, and myocardial pallor and rounded heart apex in 4 bald eagles. Histologic lesions included lymphoplasmacytic encephalitis, most prominently in the cerebrum (17 eagles), lymphoplasmacytic pectenitis and choroiditis (15 and 8 eagles, respectively), and myocarditis (12 eagles). West Nile virus antigen was detected in the majority of the eagles in neurons of the brain (cerebrum and cerebellum), and less commonly present in neurons of the retina, tubular epithelial cells of the kidney, and cardiomyocytes. West Nile disease was diagnosed in 2 bald eagles based on the presence of cerebral pan-necrosis and WNV-specific antibodies in the CSF despite lacking viral antigen and RNA. In conclusion, WNV infection causes a fatal disease in bald and golden eagles. A variety of gross and histologic lesions are highly suggestive of WN disease in most eagles. A combination of detection of viral antigen and/or RNA or virus-specific antibodies proved useful in confirming the diagnosis.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM An alternative staining method for counting red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta) blood cells using crystal violet in cells diluted with 0.45% sodium chloride

Various staining methods are available for reptilian species blood cell quantification. However, these methods have shown inaccurate differentiation limitations. The current study evaluates staining effects and blood cell counting results using an alternative method, counting blood cells diluted with 0.45% sodium chloride solution and stained with crystal violet. Blood samples from 8 red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta) were collected. Red and white blood cell counts were performed using different methods: the unstained method, the Unopette method, Liu stain, and crystal violet method using blood cells diluted in various sodium chloride solution osmolarities. The staining properties and blood cell count results were compared. The crystal violet method using blood cells diluted in 0.45% sodium chloride solution delivered the best staining and counting results among all of the tested methods, with the lowest average coefficient of variance. The proposed method can easily be performed, serving as a feasible method for blood cell counting in chelonians.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Reference intervals for acute phase protein and serum protein electrophoresis values in captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus)

Acute phase protein (APP) immunoassays and serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) are assays for evaluating the inflammatory response and have use as diagnostic tools in a variety of species. Acute phase proteins are markers of inflammation that are highly conserved across different species while SPEP separates and quantifies serum protein fractions based on their physical properties. In the current study, serum samples from 35 clinically healthy Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) were analyzed using automated assays for C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, and haptoglobin and SPEP. Robust methods were used to generate reference intervals for the APPs: C-reactive protein (1.3–12.8 mg/l), serum amyloid A (0–47.5 mg/l), and haptoglobin (0–1.10 mg/ml). In addition, SPEP was performed on these samples to establish reference intervals for each protein fraction. A combination of APPs and SPEP measurements are valuable adjunctive diagnostic tools in elephant health care.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Assessment of a fluorescent antibody test for the detection of antibodies against epizootic bovine abortion

The current study was directed at developing and validating an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) capable of detecting antibodies specific for the agent of epizootic bovine abortion (aoEBA). Sensitivity and specificity was determined by comparing antibody titers from 114 fetuses infected with aoEBA with 68 fetuses diagnosed with alternate infectious etiologies. Data established specificity at 100% and sensitivity at 94.7% when cutoff criteria for a positive test were assigned at a titer of ≥1,000. Potential cross-reactivity was noted in samples from 3 fetuses with antibody titers of 10 or100; all were infected with Gram-positive organisms. The remaining 65 fetuses infected with microbes other than aoEBA, and an additional 12 negative reference sera, did not have detectable titers. The IFAT-based serology assay is rapid, reproducible, and unaffected by fluid color or opacity. Total fetal immunoglobulin (Ig)G was also evaluated as an aid for diagnosing EBA. Significantly higher concentrations of IgG were identified in fetuses infected with aoEBA as compared to those with alternate infectious etiologies. The presence of IgG is a sensitive indicator of EBA and increases the specificity of FAT-based serologic diagnosis when titers are 10 or 100. Taken together, serology and IgG analyses suggest that the incidence of EBA may be underestimated.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Investigation of polymerase chain reaction assays to improve detection of bacterial involvement in bovine respiratory disease

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) causes severe economic losses to the cattle farming industry worldwide. The major bacterial organisms contributing to the BRD complex are Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni, Mycoplasma bovis, Pasteurella multocida, and Trueperella pyogenes. The postmortem detection of these organisms in pneumonic lung tissue is generally conducted using standard culture-based techniques where the presence of therapeutic antibiotics in the tissue can inhibit bacterial isolation. In the current study, conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were used to assess the prevalence of these 5 organisms in grossly pneumonic lung samples from 150 animals submitted for postmortem examination, and the results were compared with those obtained using culture techniques. Mannheimia haemolytica was detected in 51 cases (34%) by PCR and in 33 cases (22%) by culture, H. somni was detected in 35 cases (23.3%) by PCR and in 6 cases (4%) by culture, Myc. bovis was detected in 53 cases (35.3%) by PCR and in 29 cases (19.3%) by culture, P. multocida was detected in 50 cases (33.3%) by PCR and in 31 cases (20.7%) by culture, and T. pyogenes was detected in 42 cases (28%) by PCR and in 31 cases (20.7%) by culture, with all differences being statistically significant. The PCR assays indicated positive results for 111 cases (74%) whereas 82 cases (54.6%) were culture positive. The PCR assays have demonstrated a significantly higher rate of detection of all 5 organisms in cases of pneumonia in cattle in Northern Ireland than was detected by current standard procedures.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for rapid identification of Brachyspira species isolated from swine, including the newly described "Brachyspira hampsonii"

The Brachyspira species traditionally associated with swine dysentery and other diarrheal diseases in pigs are Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, Brachyspira pilosicoli, and, to a lesser extent, Brachyspira murdochii. "Brachyspira hampsonii" is a recently proposed novel species that causes clinical disease similar to that caused by B. hyodysenteriae. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) systems are increasingly available in veterinary diagnostic laboratories, are less expensive, and are faster than traditional microbiological and molecular methods for identification. Thirty-three isolates associated with Brachyspira species of importance to swine were added to an existing MALDI-TOF MS database library. In total, species included in the library were: B. hyodysenteriae, "B. hampsonii" clades I and II, Brachyspira innocens, Brachyspira intermedia, B. murdochii, and B. pilosicoli. A comparison between MALDI-TOF MS and nox sequencing was completed on 176 field isolates. Of the 176 field isolates, 174 (98.9%) matched species identification by both methods. Thirty field isolates were identified by both methods as "B. hampsonii". Twenty-seven of the 30 (90%) "B. hampsonii" field isolates matched clade designation in both assays. The nox sequencing identified 26 as "B. hampsonii" clade I and 4 as clade II. Comparatively, MALDI-TOF MS identified 25 of the 30 as "B. hampsonii" clade I and 5 as clade II. The current study indicates MALDI-TOF MS is a reliable tool for the identification of swine Brachyspira species; however, final clade designation for "B. hampsonii" may still require molecular techniques.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Analytical confirmation of Xanthium strumarium poisoning in cattle

Xanthium strumarium, commonly referred to as "cocklebur," rarely causes poisoning in cattle. When mature, this robust, annual weed bears numerous oval, brownish, spiny burs. Only the seeds in the burs and young seedlings (cotyledonary leaves) contain the toxic principle, carboxyatractyloside. In the Frankfort district of the Free State Province of South Africa, a herd of 150 Bonsmara cows were allowed to graze on the banks of a small river, where mature cocklebur was growing. Four cows died while grazing in this relatively small area. Clinical signs ranged from recumbency, apparent blindness, and hypersensitivity to convulsive seizures. During necropsy, burs completely matted with ingesta were located in the rumen content. The most distinctive microscopic lesions were severe, bridging centrilobular to midzonal hepatocyte necrosis and hemorrhage. Ultrastructurally, periacinar hepatocytes were necrotic, and novel electron-dense cytoplasmic needle-like crystals were observed, often in close association with peroxisomes. Carboxyatractyloside concentrations were determined using liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Carboxyatractyloside was present in rumen contents at 2.5 mg/kg; in burs removed from the rumen at 0.17 mg/kg; in liver at 66 ng/g, and was below the limit of quantitation in the kidney sample, estimated at approximately 0.8 ng/g. Based on the presence of the plants on the riverbank, the history of exposure, the clinical findings, the presence of burs in the rumen, and the microscopic and ultrastructural lesions, X. strumarium poisoning in the herd of cattle was confirmed and was supported by LC-HRMS.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Production of a monoclonal antibody against serum immunoglobulin M of South American camelids and assessment of its suitability in two immunoassays

A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was produced against immunoglobulin M (IgM) of South American camelids. A single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) assay and a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were developed to measure IgM in serum samples. Isotype and specificity of the mAb were assessed. The performance of the SRID assay was preliminarily evaluated in terms of working range, plate stability over a 4-week period, and initial intra- and interassay variation. The concentration of IgM was determined in 55 samples by SRID assay and ELISA, and results were not significantly different by t-test (0.64 ± 0.19 mg/ml for the SRID assay, and 0.58 ± 0.24 mg/ml for ELISA; P = 0.1489). The mAb was shown to be stable over the 4-week evaluation period, and the SRID assay was reproducible when tested in triplicate for intra-assay variability and in quadruplicate for interassay variability, with a percentage coefficient of variation of less than or equal to 5%. Also, the SRID assay proved to be sensitive enough to measure IgM levels in undiluted serum samples, and had a good correlation with ELISA. The current study is intended to submit a preliminary report of a mAb against IgM of South American camelids, and suggest the future potential of the mAb developed for diagnostic application, including use in the SRID assay.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Variable-number tandem repeats genotyping used to aid and inform management strategies for a bovine Johne's disease incursion in tropical and subtropical Australia

The application of variable-number tandem repeats (VNTR) genotyping of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates to assist in investigating incidents of bovine Johne’s disease in a low-prevalence region of Australia is described in the current study. Isolates from a response to detection of bovine Johne’s disease in Queensland were compared with strains from national and international sources. The tandem application of mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit (MIRU) and multilocus short sequence repeats (MLSSR) genotyping identified 2 strains, 1 that infected cattle on multiple properties with trace-forward histories from a common infected property, and 1 genotypically different strain recovered from a single property. The former strain showed an identical genotype to an isolate from India. Neither strain showed a genotypic link to regions of Australia with a higher prevalence of the disease. Genotyping has indicated incursions from 2 independent sources. This intelligence has informed investigations into potential routes of entry and the soundness of ongoing control measures, and supported strategy and policy decisions regarding management of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis incursions for Queensland.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Acute enteral manganese intoxication with hepatic failure due to ingestion of a joint supplement overdose

Manganese is a ubiquitous, essential trace element and a common ingredient of joint supplement tablets. Little information is known about the inherent toxic potential if ingested at higher doses. A 5-year-old female spayed Pug dog presented for evaluation of vomiting and ataxia after accidental ingestion of approximately 100 joint supplement tablets. The dog developed acute hepatic failure and was euthanized 6 days after presentation due to progression of the disease. Necropsy showed severe acute hepatic necrosis. Liver and kidney samples were submitted for toxicology analysis, results of which showed severely elevated manganese concentrations in the liver and kidneys.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Presumed primary intraocular chondrosarcoma in cats

Following unilateral enucleation, 4 Domestic Shorthair cats with an average age of 12.5 years (range: 9–16 years) were histologically diagnosed with a presumed primary intraocular chondrosarcoma at the Comparative Ocular Pathology Laboratory of Wisconsin (Madison, Wisconsin). Medical records and follow-up were available for 3 of the 4 cats. Clinically, only 1 eye was affected in each cat; a mass lesion was noted in 2 cats, and a neoplasm was suspected in the other 2 cats. Grossly, 3 tumors presented as coalescing, poorly demarcated, white, friable masses filling the vitreous and intraocular chambers; 1 tumor presented as a solitary, well-demarcated, tan mass involving the iris and ciliary body. Histologically, all 4 neoplasms were composed of haphazardly arranged plump neoplastic spindle cells surrounded by irregular islands and thick trabeculae of abundant, variably basophilic, and Alcian blue–positive chondromatous matrix. None of the cats presented histologically or clinically with signs suggestive of feline posttraumatic ocular sarcoma. Two cats are still alive and healthy 6 months and 3 years following enucleation. One cat died 6 months following enucleation; however, this cat suffered from poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, and the cause of death is undetermined. No other tumors or skeletal lesions were identified that could suggest a metastatic tumor to the eye. The origin of primary intraocular chondrosarcoma is unclear, but is presumed to be ocular multipotent mesenchymal stem cells. Four cases of intraocular chondrosarcoma in cats not associated with the posttraumatic sarcoma complex of intraocular tumors are described.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Necrotizing gastritis associated with Clostridium septicum in a rabbit

Clostridium septicum is the causative agent of histotoxic infections, including malignant edema and braxy (necrotizing abomasitis) in several animal species. The carcass of a 2-year–old, female New Zealand white rabbit with a history of acute depression and obtundation followed by death was received at the California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System (San Bernardino, California) for necropsy and diagnostic workup. No gross lesions were detected at necropsy. Microscopically, there was moderate to severe, multifocal fibrinonecrotizing, transmural gastritis with numerous intralesional Gram-positive, sporulated rods, and disseminated thrombosis of the brain, lungs, heart, and liver, with occasional intravascular rods. The rods observed within the gastric wall and thrombi in the stomach and lung were positive for C. septicum by immunohistochemical staining. However, this microorganism was not isolated from stomach content. Clostridium septicum should be included in the list of possible etiologies of gastritis in rabbits.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Hybanthus calceolaria poisoning in cattle

Hybanthus calceolaria, also known as "papaconha" or "ipepacuanha," is a herbaceous plant found in northeastern Brazil, which is often implicated by farmers as the cause of neurological signs in livestock grazing. Several poisoning outbreaks associated with the ingestion of this plant were observed in cattle in the municipalities of Colônia de Gurguéia in the state of Piauí and Sirinhaém in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The main clinical signs were ataxia, recumbency, and myokymia. No significant lesions were observed during necropsy or on histological examination. The disease was experimentally reproduced by the administration of 2 daily doses of 40 g/kg/body weight of the fresh green plant containing fruits. The plants without fruits were nontoxic, which is in accordance with the farmers’ information, as it was stated that the poisoning only occurs when the plant is fruiting.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Intranuclear coccidiosis caused by Cyclospora spp. in calves

Intranuclear coccidiosis in 3 calves is described. Two calves with no genetic relationship were kept in the same pen, and the third calf was on another farm. The animals suffered from watery diarrhea or severe emaciation. Histologic examination showed epithelial desquamation (cases 1 and 2) or atrophy (case 3) of the jejunal villi. Coccidial meronts or merozoites were present in the nuclei of the majority of villus epithelial cells. There were rare intranuclear macrogametocytes, macrogametes, microgametocytes, microgametes, and oocysts in cases 1 and 2, but these were more easily observed in case 3. Parasite 18S ribosomal RNA sequences from case 1 showed 99.5% sequence identity with Cyclospora sp. Guangzhou 1, which has been found in fecal samples of cattle from China. In addition to the molecular results in one of the cases, the fact that the microgametocytes and oocysts were noticeably smaller in size than those of Eimeria alabamensis in all cases indicates the close association between Cyclospora and the 3 cases described herein.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Suppurative otitis and ascending meningoencephalitis associated with Bacteroides tectus and Porphyromonas gulae in a captive Parma wallaby (Macropus parma) with toxoplasmosis

A 6-year-old female Parma wallaby (Macropus parma) at a zoo in California developed acute ataxia and left-sided circling. Despite intensive care, clinical signs progressed to incoordination and prostration, and the animal was euthanized. At necropsy, the left tympanic cavity was filled with homogeneous suppurative exudate that extended into the cranium expanding the meninges and neuroparenchyma in the lateral and ventral aspect of the caudal ipsilateral brainstem and medulla oblongata. Microscopically, the brainstem showed regional severe suppurative meningoencephalitis with large numbers of neutrophils, fewer macrophages, and lymphocytes admixed with fibrin, necrotic cellular debris, hemorrhage, and mineralization, with numerous intralesional Gram-negative bacilli. Bacteroides spp. and Porphyromonas spp. were isolated on anaerobic culture from the meninges, and the bacteria were further characterized by partial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing as Bacteroides tectus and Porphyromonas gulae. Bacterial aerobic culture from the meninges yielded very low numbers of mixed flora and Proteus spp., which were considered contaminants. Culture of Mycoplasma spp. from middle ear and meninges was negative. Additionally, Toxoplasma gondii cysts were detected by immunohistochemistry in the heart and brain, and anti-Toxoplasma antibodies were detected in serum. The genera Bacteroides and Porphyromonas have been associated with oral disease in marsupials; but not with otitis and meningoencephalitis. The results of the present work highlight the importance of performing anaerobic cultures in the diagnostic investigation of cases of suppurative otitis and meningoencephalitis in macropods.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Spontaneous fatal Human herpesvirus 1 encephalitis in two domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Despite the particular susceptibility of the rabbit to experimental infection with Human herpesvirus 1 (HHV-1) and the high seroprevalence of HHV-1 in human beings, reports of natural infection in pet rabbits are rare. The current report describes 2 cases of HHV encephalitis in pet rabbits in North America. Antemortem clinical signs included seizures, ptyalism, and muscle tremors. Results of complete blood cell count and plasma biochemistry panel were unremarkable except for a mild leukocytosis in both cases. Both rabbits died after a short period of hospitalization. Rabbit 1 presented mild optic chiasm hemorrhage on gross examination, while rabbit 2 had no gross lesions. Histologic findings for both cases included lymphocytic and/or lymphoplasmacytic encephalitis with necrosis and the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies in neurons and glial cells. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of affected brain tissue using primers specific for Human herpesvirus 1 and 2 confirmed diagnosis of HHV encephalitis for rabbit 1. Immunohistochemical staining (poly- and monoclonal) and PCR analysis using primers specific to HHV-1 confirmed the diagnosis of HHV-1 encephalitis for rabbit 2. The owner of rabbit 2 was suspected to be the source of infection due to close contact during an episode of herpes labialis. Given the high susceptibility of rabbits to experimental HHV-1, high seroprevalence of HHV-1 in human beings, and severity of clinical disease in this species, clinician awareness and client education is important for disease prevention. Human herpesvirus 1 encephalitis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for rabbits with neurologic disease.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Cerebral Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in a captive African pygmy falcon (Polihierax semitorquatus) in southern California

A 10-month-old, female African pygmy falcon (Polihierax semitorquatus) hatched and housed at the San Diego Zoo developed neurologic signs and died from a cerebral infection with the rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis. There was an associated mild nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis. This infection was diagnosed on histology and confirmed by detection of species-specific A. cantonensis DNA in formalin-fixed and frozen brain tissue by a polymerase chain reaction assay. To the authors’ knowledge, this infection has not previously been reported in a bird in the United States and has not been known to be naturally acquired in any species in this region of the world. The source of the infection was not definitively determined but was possibly feeder geckos (Hemidactylus frenatus) imported from Southeast Asia where the parasite is endemic.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Campylobacter jejuni as a cause of canine abortions in the United States

Although Campylobacter jejuni is a common cause of ruminant abortion with great economic impact, the organism has rarely been implicated in canine pregnancy loss, with only 2 documented cases to date. In the current report, 2 cases of perinatal death in adult female Bulldogs associated with C. jejuni infection of fetoplacental organs are described. Fetuses and placentas were received at the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Ames, Iowa) from 3 puppies that died soon after the birth (case 1) and from an aborted fetus (case 2). Microscopic examination of tissues was generally unremarkable; however, multifocal hemorrhage and infiltrates of macrophages and neutrophils were observed in placental sections from the first case (case 1), and low to moderate numbers of degenerate neutrophils were apparent within multifocal alveoli in the fetal lung in the second case (case 2). Ancillary diagnostics for common infectious causes of reproductive failure in dogs were negative. However, C. jejuni was isolated from the submitted placentas in high numbers in both cases as well as from the fetal lungs and livers. Genotyping of the abortion isolates indicated that the isolates were distinct from each other as well as from selected canine enteric C. jejuni isolates included herein for comparison. Both abortion strains were sensitive to all 9 antimicrobials tested, except the isolate from case 2, which displayed resistance to tetracycline. These findings provide convincing evidence for the inclusion of C. jejuni culture in routine diagnostic testing for causes of canine pregnancy loss.

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September 17, 2014 at 01:09AM Foot-and-mouth disease in Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus)

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious, debilitating, and globally significant viral disease typically affecting cloven-hoofed hosts. The diagnosis of FMD in bears in Vietnam is described. The current study describes a confirmed case of FMD in a bear species, and the clinical signs compatible with FMD in a Malayan sun bear. Thirteen Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) and 1 Malayan sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) were apparently affected. In August 2011, an adult bear became lethargic, and developed footpad vesicles. Over 15 days, 14 out of 17 bears developed similar signs; the remaining 3 co-housed bears and another 57 resident bears did not. All affected bears developed vesicles on all footpads, and most were lethargic for 24–48 hr. Nasal and oral lesions were noted in 6 and 3 cases, respectively. Within 1 month, all looked normal. Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, classified as serotype O, and isolated by virus isolation techniques. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated clustering of 3 bear isolates, in a branch distinct from other FMDV type O isolates. The outbreak likely occurred due to indirect contact with livestock, and was facilitated by the high density of captive bears. It showed that Asiatic black bears are capable of contracting FMDV and developing clinical disease, and that the virus spreads easily between bears in close contact.

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September 16, 2014 at 08:12PM Gel Spice Company, Inc. Issues A Voluntary Recall Of Fresh Finds Brand Ground Black Pepper, 3.53 oz (100 g), Due To Possible Salmonella Risk

Gel Spice Company, Inc., of Bayonne, NJ, is issuing a voluntary recall notice for 16,443 cases of Fresh Finds-Ground Black Pepper, 3.53 oz, plastic jars, because it has the possibility to be contaminated with Salmonella, an organism which can cause serious and sometimes fatal infections in young children, frail or elderly people, and others with weakened immune systems. Healthy persons infected with Salmonella often experience fever, diarrhea (which may be bloody), nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.



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Researchers Report Largest DNA Origami To Date

Nanotechnology: Two new ways to create the component strands for DNA origami allow researchers to fold nanostructures seven times larger than before



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Bioreplication Creates Blood-Cell-Like Silica Particles

Materials Science: Synthesis technique allows researchers to access unique biological shapes



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September 12, 2014 at 04:17PM Sticky or firm? A model to predict cooked rice texture

When cooked in little water, depending on the chosen cooking time and temperature, rice develops specific stickiness and firmness characteristics. Based on this observation, a team from CIRAD designed a mathematical model that describes the water transfer, swelling and starch gelatinization that occur in rice grains during cooking. The eventual aim is to design innovative rice cookers that could offer cooking programmes tailored to the more or less firm or sticky texture sought by different consumer groups.

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September 16, 2014 at 01:38AM Taylor Farms Pacific, Inc. voluntarily recalls Roma Tomatoes due to potential Salmonella contamination

Taylor Farms Pacific, Inc. of Tracy, CA has been notified that specific lots of “Expo Fresh” Roma tomatoes supplied to Taylor Farms Pacific may be contaminated with Salmonella as a result of routine testing. No illnesses have been reported.



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Vehicles Responsible For More Particulate Pollution Than What Comes Out Of Their Tailpipes

Air Pollution: Atmospheric reactions of volatile exhaust compounds account for significantly more fine particles than those released directly from cars and trucks



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September 09, 2014 at 04:59PM Launch of Climate Challenge, an international competition on agricultural innovation to address climate change

Agence Française de Développement (AFD) and the Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD) have launched the first international competition “Climate Challenge Agriculture and Forestry”, which promotes agricultural and forestry innovation to address climate change. Anne Paugam, Chief Executive Officer of AFD, and Michel Eddi, Chairman of CIRAD presented this competition on 9 September 2014 during the 7th edition of the Convergences World Forum, which gathers public, private and solidarity-based actors who are working to achieve the Millennium Development Goals.

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Revealing Surface Siloxane Structure With Silicon-29 NMR

Dynamic nuclear polarization reduces analysis time from months to days



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Quick Method For 18F Labeling

One-step process simplifies tagging biomolecules for positron emission tomography



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Hot Particles For Graphene Nanopores

Laser light and gold nanostructures could pave straightforward path to multiplexed graphene biosensors



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Microscopy Technique Might Detect When Banked Blood Goes Bad

Method adds to techniques for detecting stiffness of red blood cells, a measure of age



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Quick Method For 18F Labeling

One-step process simplifies tagging biomolecules for positron emission tomography



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Bacteria In Water Monitored Nonstop

Bioanalysis: Device could serve as early warning system



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Expanding The Capabilities Of Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy

Electrochemical method can be used to map surface charge, topography, and phase simultaneously



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Samantha Arnett

State Department’s Biosecurity Engagement Program manager works to combat bioterrorism



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Microscopy Technique Might Detect When Banked Blood Goes Bad

Method adds to techniques for detecting stiffness of red blood cells, a measure of age



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Bacteria In Water Monitored Nonstop

Bioanalysis: Device could serve as early warning system



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September 12, 2014 at 04:17PM Collant ou ferme, un modèle prédit la texture du riz cuit

Lorsqu’il est cuisiné avec peu d’eau et suivant la durée et la température choisies, le riz développe des caractéristiques spécifiques de collant et de fermeté. Partant de ce constat, une équipe du Cirad a créé un modèle mathématique décrivant les phénomènes de transport de l’eau, de gonflement et de gélatinisation de l’amidon, qui se produisent dans le grain de riz au cours de la cuisson. A la clé, la conception de cuiseurs à riz innovants, qui pourraient proposer des programmes de cuisson adaptés à la texture, plus ou moins ferme ou collante, recherchée par les différents consommateurs.

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September 12, 2014 at 04:17PM Collant, ferme... un modèle prédit la texture du riz cuit

Lorsqu’il est cuisiné avec peu d’eau et suivant la durée et la température choisies, le riz développe des caractéristiques spécifiques de collant et de fermeté. Partant de ce constat, une équipe du Cirad a créé un modèle mathématique décrivant les phénomènes de transport de l’eau, de gonflement et de gélatinisation de l’amidon, qui se produisent dans le grain de riz au cours de la cuisson. A la clé, la conception de cuiseurs à riz innovants, qui pourraient proposer des programmes de cuisson adaptés à la texture, plus ou moins ferme ou collante, recherchée par les différents consommateurs.

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Syngenta Stands Firm On Neonicotinoids

Pesticides: Manufacturer seeks to expand uses of thiamethoxam as pressure against chemical mounts



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September 10, 2014 at 10:22AM FAO symposium: international experts take stock of agroecology

On the joint initiative of the FAO and the French Ministry of Agriculture, the FAO and its partners, including CIRAD and INRA, are organizing an International Symposium on AgroEcology for Food Security and Nutrition in Rome (Italy) on 18 and 19 September.

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September 08, 2014 at 10:23AM Large trees, a key element in Amazon rainforest dynamics

Large trees play a vital role in the carbon balance of logged forests. This was the conclusion drawn by a study in the Brazilian Amazon by CIRAD and EMBRAPA. By sparing large trees, reducing logging intensity and being paid compensation for doing so, logging firms can greatly improve their sustainability. An additional benefit is the improved functioning of the whole forest ecosystem, for which these trees are of major ecological value.

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Bitter Fruit Bears Protein That Can Act Like Insulin

Diabetes: Researchers discover a protein in bitter melon that binds to and activates the insulin receptor, offering a potential path to new diabetes treatments



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September 11, 2014 at 03:38PM Conditional Approval Explained: A Resource for Veterinarians

Conditional approval differs from full approval in several ways, and these key differences have implications for veterinarians who use conditionally-approved animal drugs in their practices.



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Synthetic Platelets Boost Clotting

Materials Science: Deformable microgels mimic natural platelets by stabilizing blood clots



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September 10, 2014 at 01:30PM FDA: Don’t Leave Childhood Depression Untreated

Today is World Youth Suicide Prevention Day. Learn how FDA-approved antidepressants are helping depressed kids.



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September 10, 2014 at 10:22AM Symposium FAO : des experts internationaux font le point sur les dernières connaissances en agroécologie

Sur une initiative conjointe entre la FAO et le ministère français de l’Agriculture, la FAO et ses partenaires, dont le Cirad et l’Inra, organisent les 18 et 19 septembre 2014, à Rome (Italie), un Symposium international sur l’agroécologie pour la sécurité alimentaire et la nutrition dans le monde.

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Small Molecules Help Reactivate Receptor Linked With Schizophrenia

Drug Discovery: In human and rat cells, the compounds restore glutamate receptor function lost through mutations linked with schizophrenia



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September 09, 2014 at 05:19PM Publix Recalls Private Label Jalapeno Bagels

Out of an abundance of precaution, the company is issuing a voluntary recall for Publix Jalapeno Bagels, which are sold in either the self-service bins or artisan cases in the bakery department, and may contain pieces of glass and small stones. The Publix Jalapeno Bagels were distributed to Publix store locations in Alabama, Florida, Georgia and South Carolina. Publix stores in Tennessee and North Carolina are not impacted by this recall.



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September 09, 2014 at 04:59PM Lancement de Challenge Climat, concours sur l’innovation agricole face au dérèglement climatique

L’Agence Française de Développement (AFD) et le Cirad lancent le premier concours international « Challenge Climat Agriculture et Forêts », encourageant l’innovation agricole et forestière face au dérèglement climatique. Anne Paugam, directrice générale de l’AFD et Michel Eddi, président-directeur général du Cirad présentent le 9 septembre 2014 ce concours lors de la 7e édition du Forum Mondial Convergences qui réunit les acteurs publics, privés et solidaires mobilisés par les Objectifs du Millénaire pour le Développement.

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September 09, 2014 at 12:34PM Lancement de Challenge Climat, un concours international sur l’innovation agricole et forestière face au dérèglement climatique

L’Agence Française de Développement (AFD) et le Cirad lancent le premier concours international « Challenge Climat Agriculture et Forêts », encourageant l’innovation agricole et forestière face au dérèglement climatique. Anne Paugam, directrice générale de l’AFD et Michel Eddi, président-directeur général du Cirad présentent le 9 septembre 2014 ce concours lors de la 7e édition du Forum Mondial Convergences qui réunit les acteurs publics, privés et solidaires mobilisés par les Objectifs du Millénaire pour le Développement.

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September 08, 2014 at 11:20PM Plum Organics Voluntarily Recalls Little Cremes Organic Rice Milk Snacks Due to Potential Choking Hazard

Plum Organics is voluntarily recalling its Little Cremes organic rice milk snacks line after it was found that the product has the potential to cause choking. The small, bite-sized snack pieces are made to soften in a child's mouth in less than 20 seconds making them easy to swallow.



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September 08, 2014 at 03:56PM Mars Chocolate North America Issues Allergy Alert Voluntary Recall on Undeclared Peanuts and Eggs in TWIX® Bites 7oz Stand Up Pouch

Today, Mars Chocolate North America announced a voluntary recall of its TWIX® Brand Unwrapped Bites 7 oz. Stand Up Pouch with the code date: 421BA4GA60. Fewer than 25 cases of the stand-up pouches in this single lot code may contain product containing peanuts and eggs without listing them on the ingredient label.



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September 08, 2014 at 03:00PM First Rapid Home-Use HIV Kit Approved for Self-Testing

FDA has approved the OraQuick In-Home HIV Test, a rapid home-use HIV test kit that enables users to collect fluid samples and get the test results themselves in 20-40 minutes. The goal is for a greater number of people at risk for HIV to be tested, by increasing accessibility to rapid in-home tests that assure anonymity.



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September 08, 2014 at 04:36PM FDA Seeks Comments on Approval Process for Combination Drug Medicated Feeds

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced today it is inviting public comment on possible modifications to the procedures and requirements for the approval of combination drug medicated feeds.



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September 08, 2014 at 04:36PM FDA Seeks Comments on Potential Changes to Conditional Approvals for New Animal Drugs

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced today it is soliciting public comment on expanding the availability of conditional approvals for new animal drugs.



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September 03, 2014 at 04:17PM The genetic history of citrus fruits: a precious tool for creating new varieties

Reconstituting the history of cultivated citrus varieties through genomics was the ambitious aim of a project conducted by an international consortium involving CIRAD. The results, published in Nature Biotechnology , are decisive for the breeding of new varieties that are both disease-resistant and adapted to climate change.

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September 08, 2014 at 10:23AM Les gros arbres, éléments clés d'une forêt amazonienne durable

Les gros arbres jouent un rôle essentiel dans les bilans carbone des forêts exploitées. C’est le résultat d’une étude menée par le Cirad et l’Embrapa en Amazonie brésilienne. En épargnant les plus gros arbres, en réduisant l’intensité de coupe et en percevant une indemnité compensatrice, les exploitations forestières peuvent largement améliorer leur durabilité. Avec comme bénéfice annexe, un meilleur fonctionnement de tout l’écosystème forestier, pour lequel ces arbres sont d’un intérêt écologique majeur.

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Spying On Crystal Formation

Microscopy: Study reveals complex, multipath nature of nucleation and growth



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Terminal Vanadium(III) Oxo Complex Isolated

Elusive species could reveal new proton reduction chemistry



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Simple Sickle Cell Disease Diagnostic

Low-cost device takes advantage of sickle cells’ biophysical properties to rapidly diagnose disease



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